It may be defined as the hardness softness of the bitumen by measuring the depth in tenth of a millimeter to which standard loaded needle will penetrate vertically in five minutes the penetration of bituminous material is the distance in tenth of a millimeter that a standard needle will penetrate vertically into a sample of the material under standard conditions of temperature load and time.
Soften the material to pouring temperature not more than 60°C for tars and not more than 90°C for bituminous materials above the approximate softening point and see that it is homogeneous and is free from air bubbles and water by stirring pour the material into the container to a depth at least 10 mm in excess of the expected penetration protect the sample and allow it to cool place it in the bath which is to be kept at 25°C unless otherwise specified the test is carried out at 25°C adjust the needle to make contact with surface of the sample bring the pointer to zero release the needle and measure the distance penetrated make three determinations and express in one tenth of a millimeter.
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